Layer pressing in concrete extrusion-based 3D-printing: Experiments and analysis

The Layer Pressing Strategy is widely used in large-scale concrete 3D Printing for its capacity to provide good control over the layer cross-section geometry and, consequently, final overall printed element geometry. However, although pressing ensures exact positioning of extruded upper surface, it may be at origin some deformation sub-layers, due squeezing material under nozzle. In such a complex flow typology, setting printing parameters, namely thickness, velocity and rate, still mainly result from time-costly experimental trial-and-errors procedures rather than rational understanding underlying mechanics. aim this article therefore insights on effects parameters local stability layer. Some lower bound requirements controlled are discussed study influence geometric kinematic along with fresh properties. Finally, generic map proposed, allowing classification behaviour material.